特別講演会のお知らせ 2016.6.7
北海道支部 支部長 森 治嗣
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記
日 時 ： 2016年 6月 24日（金） 11：00〜12：00
場 所 ： 北海道大学工学部Ａ棟１階 大会議室 Ａ1-17 （札幌市北区北１３条西８丁目）
講 演 ： 「Magnetic nanoparticles for new
therapies and diagnosis」
Prof. M. Ricardo Ibarra
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) constitute
nowadays a vast field of research due to the current and expected application
in nanobiomedicine. The potential MNPs stems from the intrinsic properties of
their magnetic cores, combined with the functionality acquired under an
appropriate coating. The capability for loading and targeted controlled release
of drugs is one of the main issues in cancer therapy (for recent reviews see
[1,2]). The biofunctionalization of the nanoparticles surface make them
suitable for magnetic separation based on the biomolecular recognition of
biological moieties. New inmunomagnetic assays using magnetic nanoparticles
provides a new route to quantize the results in biosensors. The presence of
MNPs also perturb locally the hydrogen proton relaxation, this phenomenon is on
the bases of the enhance MRI diagnostic using contrast agents. Targeting of
these contrast agents could detect angiogenesis processes at early stages.
In this talk a brief review of all these
different applications will be depicted emphasizing the application of
electromagnetic waves in new therapies based on magnetic hyperthermia. The case
of dendritic cells (DCs) as main candidate for magnetic hyperthermia will be
reported. Magnetic hyperthermia (MH) is based on the use of MNPs to selectively
increase the temperature of MNP-loaded target tissues when applying an
alternating magnetic field (AMF) in the range of radiofrequency. To date, all
MH research has focused on heat generation in an attempt to elucidate the
mechanisms for the death of MNP-loaded cells submitted to AMF. However, recent
in vitro studies have demonstrated the feasibility of inducing dramatic cell
death without increasing the macroscopic temperature during AMF exposure.
Here, we show that the cell death
observed following AMF exposure, specifically that of MNPs loaded dendritic
cells (DCs) in culture, was caused by the release of toxic agents into the cell
culture supernatants and not due to a macroscopic temperature increase.[3] We
performed MH in vitro experiments to demonstrate that the supernatant of the
cell culture following AMF exposure was highly toxic when added to control
unloaded DCs, as this treatment led to nearly 100% cell death. Therefore, our
results demonstrate that heat is not the only agent responsible for triggering
cell death following MH treatment. This finding offers new perspectives for the
use of DCs as the proverbial Trojan horse to vectorise MNPs to the target
tumour area and these results further support the use of DCs as therapeutic
agents against cancer when submitted to AMF. Furthermore, this discovery may
help in understanding the mechanism of cell death mediated by exposure to AMF.
[1] “Magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery” M. Arruebo, R.
Fernandez-Pacheco, M.R. Ibarra and J.
Santamar誕. Nanotoday 2 (2007)
22
[2] “Magnetic
nanoparticles for cancer therapy” G.F: Goya, V. Grazu
and M.R. Ibarra. Current Nanoscience 4
(2008) 1-16 [3] “Induced cell toxicity
originates dendritic cell death following magnetic hyperthermia treatment” L As地, G F Goya, A Tres &
M R Ibarra. Cell Death and Disease 4, e596 doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.121
http://www.nature.com/cddis)
共催 ： 日本機械学会北海道支部バイオエンジニアリング懇話会
日本機械学会バイオエンジニアリング部門（「計測と力学−生体への応用」研究会）
日本生体医工学会専門別研究会「バイオメカニクス研究会」
お問い合わせ先 ： 日本機械学会北海道支部事務局（武澤） jsme-hk@eng.hokudai.ac.jp
または 大橋 俊朗 教授 北海道大学大学院工学研究院人間機械システムデザイン部門